{"id":13167,"date":"2024-10-22T17:07:20","date_gmt":"2024-10-22T09:07:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sogaworks.com\/?p=13167"},"modified":"2024-10-30T18:13:37","modified_gmt":"2024-10-30T10:13:37","slug":"stainless-steel-18-8-vs-316","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sogaworks.com\/fr\/blogs\/stainless-steel-18-8-vs-316\/","title":{"rendered":"Acier inoxydable 18-8 vs. 316 : Quelles sont les diff\u00e9rences ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L'acier inoxydable est le mat\u00e9riau m\u00e9tallique le plus couramment utilis\u00e9 dans notre vie quotidienne. Il est largement utilis\u00e9 dans la vaisselle et les ustensiles de cuisine, la construction et les \u00e9quipements m\u00e9dicaux. Les alliages d'acier inoxydable les plus courants sont le 18-8 et le 316. Avez-vous d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence entre 18-8 et 316 ? Dans cet article, nous allons comparer l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et 316 du point de vue de la composition des \u00e9l\u00e9ments, des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques et de l'analyse des co\u00fbts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Qu'est-ce que l'acier inoxydable 18-8 ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>18-8 est une qualit\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifique d'acier inoxydable qui indique sa composition en mat\u00e9riaux. Les chiffres 18 et 8 repr\u00e9sentent les pourcentages de deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments cl\u00e9s dans cet alliage d'acier inoxydable :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>18% Chrome (Cr) :<\/strong> Le chrome est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 de l'acier inoxydable. Il am\u00e9liore la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion de l'acier inoxydable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8% Nickel(Ni) :<\/strong> Le nickel est un autre ingr\u00e9dient important qui contribue \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion de l'acier inoxydable et \u00e0 maintenir sa ductilit\u00e9 et sa t\u00e9nacit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L'acier inoxydable 18-8 est un alliage d'acier inoxydable compos\u00e9 de plus de 18% de chrome et de plus de 8% de nickel. Il porte un autre nom familier : la s\u00e9rie 304. Les alliages appartenant \u00e0 l'acier inoxydable 18-8 comprennent 304, 304L, 304N, 304LN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Voyons la composition cl\u00e9 de l'acier inoxydable de qualit\u00e9 18-8 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u00c9l\u00e9ment<\/strong><\/td><td>C<\/td><td>Mn<\/td><td>Si<\/td><td>P<\/td><td>S<\/td><td><strong>Cr<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ni<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Rapport (%)<\/strong><\/td><td>0-0.08<\/td><td>0-2.0<\/td><td>0-1.0<\/td><td>0-0.045<\/td><td>0-0.30<\/td><td><strong>18.0<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>8.0<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Plus techniquement, ce tableau pr\u00e9sente les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'acier inoxydable 18-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Valeur<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Densit\u00e9<\/td><td>7,93 g\/c\u33a1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction<\/td><td>515 MPa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Limite d'\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/td><td>205 MPa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Duret\u00e9 (Brinell)<\/td><td>201-262 HB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Point de fusion<\/td><td>1,400-1,450 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/td><td>16,2 W\/m-K \u00e0 100 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9sistivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique<\/td><td>720 n\u03a9-m \u00e0 20 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion<\/td><td>Bon<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>L'acier inoxydable 18-8 pr\u00e9sente de nombreux avantages tels qu'une excellente r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la rouille et \u00e0 la corrosion, une grande solidit\u00e9, une bonne usinabilit\u00e9 et une bonne soudabilit\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Qu'est-ce que l'acier inoxydable 316 ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L'acier inoxydable 316 est un autre alliage plus couramment utilis\u00e9 que le 304. Une diff\u00e9rence cruciale entre les deux r\u00e9side dans leur composition : le 316 contient du Mo alors que le 304 n'en contient pas. D'une mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, l'acier inoxydable 316 r\u00e9siste mieux \u00e0 la corrosion que l'acier inoxydable 304 dans les environnements \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Voyons la composition cl\u00e9 de l'acier inoxydable de qualit\u00e9 316 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u00c9l\u00e9ment<\/strong><\/td><td>C<\/td><td>Mn<\/td><td>Si<\/td><td>P<\/td><td><strong>Mo<\/strong><\/td><td>S<\/td><td><strong>Cr<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ni<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Rapport (%)<\/strong><\/td><td>0-0.08<\/td><td>0-2.0<\/td><td>0-0.75<\/td><td>0-0.045<\/td><td><strong>2-3%<\/strong><\/td><td>0-0.30<\/td><td><strong>16.0-18.0<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>10.0-14.0<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Comme l'acier inoxydable 316 contient 18% Cr et 10% Ni, on l'appelle parfois acier inoxydable 18-10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le tableau ci-dessous pr\u00e9sente les principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'acier inoxydable :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Valeur<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Densit\u00e9<\/td><td>8,03 g\/c\u33a1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction<\/td><td>515 MPa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Limite d'\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/td><td>205 MPa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Duret\u00e9 (Brinell)<\/td><td>217 HB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Point de fusion<\/td><td>1,648-1,673 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/td><td>16,3 W\/m-K \u00e0 100 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9sistivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique<\/td><td>740 n\u03a9-m \u00e0 20 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion<\/td><td>Excellent<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Diff\u00e9rences entre l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et 316<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Si nous combinons les tableaux de propri\u00e9t\u00e9s 18-8 et 316 pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents en un seul tableau, nous pouvons tirer une conclusion : la diff\u00e9rence entre les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques et m\u00e9caniques est tr\u00e8s faible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s<\/strong><\/td><td>18-8<\/td><td><strong>316<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Densit\u00e9<\/td><td>7,96 g\/c\u33a1<\/td><td>8,03 g\/c\u33a1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction<\/td><td>515 MPa<\/td><td>515 MPa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Limite d'\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/td><td>205 MPa<\/td><td>205 MPa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Duret\u00e9 (Brinell)<\/td><td>200 HB<\/td><td>217 HB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Point de fusion<\/td><td>1,400-1,450 \u00b0C<\/td><td>1,648-1,673 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/td><td>16,2 W\/m-K \u00e0 100 \u00b0C<\/td><td>16,3 W\/m-K \u00e0 100 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9sistivit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique<\/td><td>720 n\u03a9-m \u00e0 20 \u00b0C<\/td><td>740 n\u03a9-m \u00e0 20 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Acier inoxydable 18-8 vs. 316 : Composite<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>18-8 fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 sa composition de 18% de chrome et 8% de nickel. En outre, il est compos\u00e9 d'autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments tels que Si, P et Mn. L'acier inoxydable est compos\u00e9 de 16% 18% de chrome, 10-14% de nickel, 2%-3% de Mo, et de petites quantit\u00e9s d'autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments tels que Mn, Si et P.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Outre les diff\u00e9rentes teneurs en Cr et Ni, la principale diff\u00e9rence entre eux en termes de composition \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire est que le 316 contient du Mo alors que le 18-8 n'en contient pas. L'\u00e9l\u00e9ment Mo offre une meilleure r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion dans les environnements marins, les temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es et les milieux contenant des ions chlorure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>18-8 par rapport \u00e0 l'acier inoxydable 316 : R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion est l'une des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s les plus importantes de l'acier inoxydable, y compris les nuances 18\/8 et 316. Le chrome contenu dans ces alliages joue un r\u00f4le essentiel dans l'obtention d'une excellente r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion. Lorsque le chrome est expos\u00e9 \u00e0 l'oxyg\u00e8ne de l'air, il forme une fine couche d'oxyde transparente appel\u00e9e \"couche passive\" \u00e0 la surface de l'acier inoxydable. Cette couche de passivation agit comme un bouclier, prot\u00e9geant l'acier sous-jacent de la r\u00e9action avec les \u00e9l\u00e9ments ext\u00e9rieurs et emp\u00eachant la rouille ou la corrosion. Plus la teneur en chrome est \u00e9lev\u00e9e, plus la couche de passivation est efficace, offrant une protection accrue contre divers agents corrosifs tels que l'humidit\u00e9, les produits chimiques et le sel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les aciers inoxydables 18\/8 et 316 ont tous deux une teneur \u00e9lev\u00e9e en chrome, ce qui les rend tr\u00e8s r\u00e9sistants \u00e0 la corrosion dans des conditions normales. Toutefois, l'acier inoxydable 316 peut pr\u00e9senter une r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion l\u00e9g\u00e8rement sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de l'acier 18\/8 dans certains environnements difficiles, en raison de sa teneur plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e en nickel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Acier inoxydable 18-8 vs. 316 : duret\u00e9<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L'acier inoxydable n'est pas aussi dur que l'acier au carbone. Toutefois, la duret\u00e9 de l'acier inoxydable varie en fonction de sa composition. D'une mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, l'acier inoxydable 316 a une teneur en nickel plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e, ce qui le rend l\u00e9g\u00e8rement plus dur que l'acier inoxydable 18-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Acier inoxydable 18-8 vs. 316 : Co\u00fbt<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>D'une mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, l'acier inoxydable 316 a une teneur en nickel plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e que l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et contient des \u00e9l\u00e9ments Mo que l'acier inoxydable 18-8 n'a pas. Ces mat\u00e9riaux \u00e9tant plus chers, le co\u00fbt de l'acier inoxydable 316 est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 que celui de l'acier inoxydable 18-8. En Chine, le prix du march\u00e9 de l'acier inoxydable 316 est d'environ 25,00 yuans par kilogramme, et le prix du march\u00e9 de l'acier inoxydable 18-8, en prenant l'exemple de l'acier inoxydable 304, est d'environ 14,00 RMB par kilogramme. Le prix de l'acier inoxydable 316 est environ 1,8 fois sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui de l'acier inoxydable 18-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Acier inoxydable 18-8 vs. 316 : Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces deux types de mat\u00e9riaux sont couramment utilis\u00e9s pour <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sogaworks.com\/fr\/services\/cnc-machining\/\">Usinage CNC<\/a>. L'acier inoxydable 18-8 est largement utilis\u00e9 dans diverses industries, notamment le traitement des eaux us\u00e9es, les ustensiles de cuisine, l'ameublement, le secteur m\u00e9dical et les transports. L'acier inoxydable 316 est principalement utilis\u00e9 dans les applications marines. En outre, il est \u00e9galement couramment utilis\u00e9 dans la fabrication d'\u00e9quipements de traitement chimique, ainsi que dans divers \u00e9changeurs de chaleur et composants de fours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Comment les choisir ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lorsque vous devez choisir entre l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et l'acier inoxydable 316, les facteurs suivants peuvent vous aider \u00e0 faire un choix judicieux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Objectif. D\u00e9terminez l'utilisation pr\u00e9vue du produit en acier inoxydable. Par exemple, si vous avez besoin d'ustensiles de cuisine, l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et l'acier inoxydable 316 conviendront tous deux. Toutefois, pour la vaisselle haut de gamme ou les \u00e9quipements de transformation alimentaire de qualit\u00e9 sup\u00e9rieure, l'acier inoxydable 316 peut \u00eatre pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 en raison de son \u00e9clat et de sa r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion. \u00c9valuez l'environnement dans lequel l'acier inoxydable sera utilis\u00e9. S'il doit \u00eatre expos\u00e9 \u00e0 des conditions difficiles, \u00e0 une humidit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e ou \u00e0 des substances corrosives, choisissez l'acier inoxydable 316, qui pr\u00e9sente une meilleure r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion en raison de sa teneur plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e en nickel et en Mo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Durabilit\u00e9 et duret\u00e9. Tenez compte de l'usure pr\u00e9vue du produit. Si la duret\u00e9 est une priorit\u00e9, l'acier inoxydable 316 peut pr\u00e9senter un l\u00e9ger avantage en termes de r\u00e9sistance aux rayures. Cependant, pour la plupart des applications quotidiennes, les deux qualit\u00e9s offrent une durabilit\u00e9 satisfaisante.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"container\" data-elementor-id=\"13378\" class=\"elementor elementor-13378\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b397deb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b397deb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d81b226 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d81b226\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Put Your Custom Parts into Production Today\uff01<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-009c607 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"009c607\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sogaworks.com\/client\/#\/quote\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Obtenir un devis<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n\n\n<p>Budget. Comparez les diff\u00e9rences de co\u00fbt entre l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et l'acier inoxydable 316. Si votre budget le permet et que vous souhaitez une finition de qualit\u00e9 sup\u00e9rieure, l'acier inoxydable 316 peut \u00eatre le meilleur choix. Dans le cas contraire, l'acier inoxydable 18-8 offrira d'excellentes performances \u00e0 un prix plus abordable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marque et qualit\u00e9. \u00c9valuez la r\u00e9putation de la marque et la qualit\u00e9 des produits en acier inoxydable qu'elle propose. Les marques connues ont tendance \u00e0 respecter des normes de fabrication plus strictes, ce qui garantit \u00e0 l'utilisateur une exp\u00e9rience fiable et satisfaisante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences esth\u00e9tiques. En raison de sa teneur plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e en nickel, l'acier inoxydable 316 peut pr\u00e9senter un \u00e9clat l\u00e9g\u00e8rement plus brillant, ce qui peut \u00eatre un facteur pertinent pour certaines applications telles que la bijouterie ou la vaisselle haut de gamme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans cet article, nous comparons l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et l'acier inoxydable 316 en termes de composition \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire, de propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques et d'analyse des co\u00fbts. L'acier inoxydable 18-8 est principalement compos\u00e9 de 18% de chrome et de 8% de nickel. Il pr\u00e9sente une bonne r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion et une bonne solidit\u00e9 et est largement utilis\u00e9 dans les ustensiles de cuisine, les \u00e9quipements m\u00e9dicaux et d'autres domaines. L'acier inoxydable 316 contient 2-3% de molybd\u00e8ne, ce qui lui conf\u00e8re une plus grande r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion. Il est particuli\u00e8rement adapt\u00e9 aux environnements marins et aux \u00e9quipements de traitement chimique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien que les deux soient similaires en termes de propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques et m\u00e9caniques, l'acier inoxydable 316 pr\u00e9sente un avantage en termes de r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion, mais son co\u00fbt est relativement \u00e9lev\u00e9. Lors du choix de l'acier inoxydable, il convient de tenir compte de facteurs tels que le but de l'utilisation, l'environnement et le budget.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Avez-vous d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence entre l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et l'acier inoxydable 316 ? Dans cet article, nous allons comparer l'acier inoxydable 18-8 et 316 du point de vue de la composition des \u00e9l\u00e9ments, des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques et de l'analyse des co\u00fbts.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13169,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-manufacturing-materials"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Stainless steel 18-8 vs. 316: What Are the Differences?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Have you ever thought about the difference between 18-8 and 316? 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